SUMMARY OF SNP - April, 2013

Classification of SNP: Medium branch. CTS6919 is a son of DF63 and has no known sons. F3901 appears to be another son of DF63 (currently private). This analysis is speculative in nature since the nature of the curve of the testing candidates suggests some overlap of CTS6919 submissions with non-CTS6919 submissions. There are already four probable fingerprints associated with CTS6919: three submissions belong to the Franklin fingerprint, two belong to the McFarland fingerprint and another two outliers only have one submission each (not analyzed).

Scope of Testing within Fingerprint (67 markers): With over 150 good testing candidates, much more exhaustive testing is required to determine how much overlap of positive and negative submissions exists at lower fingerprint matches. The scope of CTS6919 could include another 100 to 200 more submissions depending on additional testing which will determine the true scope of CTS6919. All DF63 positive submissions are encouraged to test CTS6919. CTS6919 has already qualified for the ISOGG haplotree with minimal testing.

Dominant Surnames (positive): Franklin, McFarland and Black (plus many others).

Source of SNP: Nat Geo testing from FTDNA ID N110523, Y-Search ID AS4XD, Surname Brunhoeber, discovered January, 2013.

Number of Positive Tests (67 markers): Only seven known.

Number of Negative Tests below 50 % matches (67 markers): At least 42 known.

Number of Negative Tests within Fingerprints (higher than 70 %): None to date.

Tests between 51 and 70 % matches (67 markers): One tested negative to date for each of the two defined fingerprints.

Pending Tests (within Fingerprint): Probably several submissions.

TRENDS OF TESTING CANDIDATES

CTS6919 Fingerprints

The curve associated with the Franklin fingerprint does not appear to be typical for L21 SNPs where the number of testing candidates declines down to 70 % matches, remains low between 50 and 70 % and then sees a sharp rise as non-CTS6919 submissions dominate the under 50 % matches. The number of testing candidates does have a small downward trend but begins to rise much sooner than most typical L21 SNPs. CTS6919 will probably test positive and negative up to 75 % of the fingerprint but most higher fingerprint matches should test positive.

The curve associated with the McFarland fingerprint does not appear to be typical for L21 SNPs where the number of testing candidates declines down to 70 % matches, remains low between 50 and 70 % and then sees a sharp rise as non-CTS6919 submissions dominate the under 50 % matches. This curve is similar to the Franklin fingerprint although this fingerprint may have somewhat more overlap of positive and negative submissions due the smaller decline in the testing candidates curve.

Note that there are two additional outlier submissions that probably represent two additional fingerprints. Until at least two submissions belong to the same fingerprint, these singleton outliers will not be analyzed. With only seven submissions, there are probably four fingerprints, therefore it is highly likely that several other fingerprints will be discovered. However, unlike many older Y-SNPs, these fingerprints have several common off-modal marker values in common: 389-2 >= 14, 576 >= 19, 534 >= 14 and 446 >= 14. In order to increase statistical accuracy, fingerprints must have at least seven off-modal marker values. Any fingerprint based on only four marker values can be useful but are not very statiscally accurate for 67 marker based fingerprints.

ISOGG Status - Prove relationship of CTS6919 to other L21 SNPs

Requirements of proving CTS6919 position on the ISOGG haplotree have been met and CTS6919 has been added to the ISOGG haplotree. Below is a summary of SNPs tested:

ISOGG Status - Prove genetic and surname diversity of CTS6919

CTS6919 satisfies the 15 % genetic diversity requirement and the surname diversity requirement for inclusion on the ISOGG haplotree. Two submissions of CTS6919 must have at least a genetic distance of 10 (15 % x 67 markers = 10). With minimal testing, CTS6919 has already qualified for the genetic diversity requirement.

DNA FINGERPRINT & SIGNATURES

Note: The fingerprints could require fine tuning as additional testing reveals the true scope of the currently defined CTS6919 fingerprints. Also, additional fingerprints will need to be added in the future as well as the genetic diversity of CTS6919 currently exceeds the required testing of CTS6919.

CTS6919-F Fingerprint (L21 Off Modal Mutations):

Markers 1 to 37: 389-1 >= 14, 449 <= 29, H4 <= 10 and 576 >= 19 (4 mutations).

Markers 38 to 67: 578 >= 10, 406S1 >= 11, 534 >= 14 and 446 <= 14 (4 mutations).

CTS6919 Signature (R-L21 Plus): X1363-1011

Markers 1 to 37: 389i = 14, H4 = 10 and 576 >= 19 (3 mutations).

Markers 38 to 67: 578 >= 10, 406S1 >= 11 534 >= 16 and 446 >= 14 (4 mutations).

CTS6919-M Fingerprint (L21 Off Modal Mutations):

Markers 1 to 37: 389-1 >= 14, 390 >= 25, 437 <= 14, YCAIIa <= 18, 456 <= 15 and 576 >= 19 (6 mutations).

Markers 38 to 67: 534 >= 14 and 446 <= 14 (2 mutations).

CTS6919 Signature (R-L21 Plus): No matching signature found.

TESTING CANDIDATE RECOMMENDATIONS

For a detailed list of good testing candidates, see the spreadsheet of testing candidates which can be found in the CTS6919 link in the DNA Results pull down menu. Here are the priorities for testing:

1) For both the Franklin and McFarland fingerprints, almost all 7 of 8 matches or higher will be dominated by positive test results. Since some overlap exists and there are a few submissions with much higher genetic distance, a small percentage of these submissions could test negative as well.

2) For both defined fingerprints, probably half of the 6 of 8 matches should test positive for those submissions having lower genetic distance (20 % of submissions with the lowest genetic distance or higest 20 % of the spreadsheet since it is ordered by genetic distance within any fingerprint match).

3) For both defined fingerprints, 10 or 20 % of the 6 of 8 matches for lower genetic distance submissions will probably test positive as well. These testing candidates should be considered somewhat speculative in nature.

4) Testing of closer genetic matches of the two outlier submissions are encouraged as well. Since the number of fingerprints will grow over time, random testing of any DF63 positive submissions is recommended as well, however, it is currently not known how many DF63 positive submissions should also test positive for CTS6919 as well.